California Assessment of Student Performance and Progress (CAASPP) Math Practice Exam

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Which shape is defined as a quadrilateral with opposite sides that are parallel and congruent?

Rectangle
Square
Parallelogram
Trapezoid

The correct answer is: Parallelogram

A quadrilateral with opposite sides that are parallel and congruent is defined as a parallelogram. This property ensures that both pairs of opposite sides are equal in length and run parallel to each other. This characteristic is fundamental to the definition of a parallelogram, distinguishing it from other types of quadrilaterals. While a rectangle and a square also meet this criterion—since they both have opposite sides that are parallel and congruent—they are both specific types of parallelograms, distinguished by additional properties like angles and side lengths. A trapezoid, on the other hand, is defined as having at least one pair of opposite sides that are parallel, but it does not require the sides to be congruent, making it distinct from parallelograms. Thus, the choice of the parallelogram captures the essence of the definition without the additional constraints present in the other options.