California Assessment of Student Performance and Progress (CAASPP) Math Practice Exam

Which of the following correctly describes an equation?

1. A statement that represents a relationship with a greater than sign

2. An expression that does not contain an equal sign

3. A mathematical sentence containing an equal sign

4. A series of numbers added together

The correct answer is: A mathematical sentence containing an equal sign

An equation is defined as a mathematical statement that asserts the equality of two expressions, which is represented by an equal sign. This characteristic is what distinguishes it from other mathematical concepts. In this case, the answer correctly identifies that an equation is a mathematical sentence containing an equal sign, indicating that the values on either side of the sign are equivalent. The other options fail to capture the essential definition of an equation. For example, a statement with a greater than sign represents an inequality, which implies a different kind of relationship. Similarly, an expression without an equal sign cannot convey equality between two values or expressions. Lastly, describing a series of numbers added together pertains to an arithmetic operation or expression rather than the specific concept of an equation. Therefore, the choice that identifies an equation as a mathematical sentence containing an equal sign is the most accurate description.