California Assessment of Student Performance and Progress (CAASPP) Math Practice Exam

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What type of mathematical sentence is an equation?

A comparative statement
A declarative sentence
A numeric expression
A command or directive

The correct answer is: A declarative sentence

An equation is categorized as a declarative sentence because it asserts that two expressions are equal, thereby providing information. This type of sentence makes a statement that can be evaluated as either true or false. For example, in the equation $2 + 3 = 5$, it declares that the sum of 2 and 3 is equal to 5, which can be verified. In contrast, the other types of sentences mentioned are not consistent with the nature of an equation. A comparative statement is used to compare two quantities or conditions. A numeric expression, such as $4 + 5$, represents a calculation but does not express equality. A command or directive instructs someone to perform an action, such as "Solve for x," and does not convey a statement of equality. Thus, the key characteristic of an equation as a declarative sentence is its ability to state a fact about the equality of two mathematical expressions.